What is stress?
A force that acts on a rock to change its shape or volume
What is tension?
The stress force that pulls on the crust and thins rock in the middle
What is compression?
The stress force that squeezes rock until it folds or breaks
What is shearing?
The stress force that pushes a mass of rock in two opposite directions
How do faults form?
When enough stress builds up in rock, the rock breaks and creates a fault
What type of stress is shown?
Tension
What is a hanging wall?
The block of rock that sits over a fault
What is a footwall?
The block of rock that lies under a fault
What is a normal fault?
A fault in which the hanging wall slips down relative to the footwall
What is a reverse fault?
A fault in which the hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall
What is a strike-slip fault?
A fault in which the rocks on either side slip past each other sideways with little up or down motion
What kind of fault is shown?
Strike-Slip
What type of fault is shown?
Reverse fault
How do folds form?
Folds are bends in rock that form when compression shortens and thickens Earth's crust
How are anticlines and synclines similar?
They are both types of folds caused by compression forces
What is an anticline?
A fold in rock that bends upward into an arch
