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CPE Keyword Transformations

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    Keyword Transformations - Use of English Part 4
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  • John had no previous experience, so nobody thought that he could win the singing competition, but he did. ODDS Against _____, _____ first place in the singing competition.
    all (the) odds, | John took/won
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  • You have to arrive early at the airport, otherwise you may miss your flight. RESULT You have to arrive early at the airport. Failure _____ in you missing your flight.
    to do so | may result
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  • Unlike his brother, he is certainly very intelligent. SO He is very intelligent. Certainly, _____ his brother.
    more so | than
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  • This is not a very popular restaurant, so there are rarely long queues. OCCURENCE This restaurant is not very popular so long queues _____.
    are a | rare occurrence.
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  • In Japan, slurping loudly while eating your noodles is not considered impolite, but rather a sign of appreciation. DEEMED In Japan, _____ manners to slurp loudly while eating your noodles, but rather as a sign of appreciation.
    it is not | deemed impolite/bad
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  • They made a mistake, but we should take into account their lack of experience and not judge them too severely. They made a mistake, but we should _____ their lack of experience.
    make | allowances for
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  • The government underestimates how much the problem of staff shortages affect the UK's healthcare system. EXTENT The government underestimates _____ problem of staff shortages in the UK's healthcare system.
    the extent | of the
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  • It is rare for a 15-year-old to be self-disciplined. ATTRIBUTE Self-discipline _____ in a 15-year-old.
    is a rare | attribute
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  • It is difficult to find a cheap and reliable second-hand car these days. BY A cheap and reliable second-hand car _____ these days.
    is difficult/hard | to come by
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  • Many years of high stress at work resulted in his health deteriorating. TOLL Many years of high stress at work _____ health.
    took a | toll on his
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  • There have been rumours of a takeover of a small company in the London area. TALK There _____ over a small company in the London area.
    has been talk | of taking over
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  • Most shops bring prices down before Christmas in an attempt to boost sales. BID _____ sales, most shops cut prices before Christmas.
    In a bid | to boost/increase
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  • I signed up for English lessons, but I soon realized the advanced class was too much for me. DEPTH Soon after signing up for English lessons, I realized _____ in the advanced class.
    (that) I was | out of my depth
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  • Checking parts for defects and writing reports comes with the job of working in quality control. PARCEL Checking parts for defects and writing reports _____ working in quality control.
    are part and parcel | of
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  • At first glance, his suggestion for improving our service seems to make sense. On _____ , _____ improvements in our service makes sense.
    the face of it, | his suggestion for making
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  • Surprisingly, Susan was not offended at all when Sarah insulted her. ENOUGH Oddly _____ , _____ Sarah's insults.
    enough, Susan | was not offended by / took no offence at / did not take any offence at
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