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Which sequence correctly shows how sedimentary rocks are formed?
Melting-cooling-solidification
Heat-pressure-recrystallization
Weathering-erosion-deposition-compaction-cementation
Which process changes solid rock into sediments without moving them?
Deposition
Erosion
Weathering
What mainly causes erosion of sediments?
Earth’s core movement
Water wind and ice
Heat from magma
During deposition
what happens to sediments?
They settle when energy decreases
They melt into liquid
They turn into crystals
Why do sediments form layers?
All sediments fall at once
Layers form only underground
Different sediments settle at different times
What increases the rate of compaction?
Less pressure
More layers piling on top
Lower temperature
Which mineral commonly causes cementation?
Calcite or silica
Iron metal
Plastic or rubber
Why does cementation usually occur after compaction?
Heat fuses sediments
Pressure melts sediments
Water carries minerals into spaces between sediments
Which environment is MOST suitable for thick sedimentary rock layers?
Mountain cores
River deltas and seabeds
Volcanic vents
What type of sediment forms conglomerate rock?
Fine volcanic ash
Large rounded pebbles
Melted magma
How does sediment size affect deposition?
All sediments settle together
Smaller sediments always settle first
Larger sediments settle first
What evidence shows a rock formed from sediments?
Glassy texture
Interlocking crystals
Visible layers and grains
Why are fossils rarely found in igneous rocks?
Heat destroys remains
Pressure is too low
No layers form
Lithification includes which two processes?
Melting and cooling
Weathering and erosion
Compaction and cementation
How does water help cementation?
It breaks minerals apart
It carries dissolved minerals
It increases temperature
Which sedimentary rock forms from compacted clay?
Granite
Shale
Basalt
