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Which sequence correctly shows how sedimentary rocks are formed?
Heat-pressure-recrystallization
Melting-cooling-solidification
Weathering-erosion-deposition-compaction-cementation
Which process changes solid rock into sediments without moving them?
Deposition
Erosion
Weathering
What mainly causes erosion of sediments?
Water wind and ice
Earth’s core movement
Heat from magma
During deposition
what happens to sediments?
They melt into liquid
They turn into crystals
They settle when energy decreases
Why do sediments form layers?
All sediments fall at once
Different sediments settle at different times
Layers form only underground
What increases the rate of compaction?
Lower temperature
More layers piling on top
Less pressure
Which mineral commonly causes cementation?
Iron metal
Plastic or rubber
Calcite or silica
Why does cementation usually occur after compaction?
Pressure melts sediments
Heat fuses sediments
Water carries minerals into spaces between sediments
Which environment is MOST suitable for thick sedimentary rock layers?
River deltas and seabeds
Mountain cores
Volcanic vents
What type of sediment forms conglomerate rock?
Large rounded pebbles
Melted magma
Fine volcanic ash
How does sediment size affect deposition?
Larger sediments settle first
All sediments settle together
Smaller sediments always settle first
What evidence shows a rock formed from sediments?
Visible layers and grains
Glassy texture
Interlocking crystals
Why are fossils rarely found in igneous rocks?
Heat destroys remains
Pressure is too low
No layers form
Lithification includes which two processes?
Compaction and cementation
Weathering and erosion
Melting and cooling
How does water help cementation?
It breaks minerals apart
It increases temperature
It carries dissolved minerals
Which sedimentary rock forms from compacted clay?
Basalt
Granite
Shale
