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In the past, how was second language learning mainly understood? A) As habit formation/ B) As learning through exposure only/ C) As using language creatively
A. As habit formation
What is “interlanguage”? A) A random mix of the first and second language/ B) A temporary learner system with its own rules/ C) The correct native-like language system
B. A temporary learner system with its own rules
Beginner learners usually access the meaning of L2 words through their first language. True or False
True
What does it really mean to “know” a word, according to Cook? A) To know its translation/ B) To know how it is written/ C) To know its sound, use, context and meanings.
C. To know its sound, use, context and meanings
According to Vivian Cook, learning vocabulary is only about learning word translations. True or False
False
Why is English vocabulary especially challenging for many learners? A) Because English grammar is very complex/ B)Because English cannot be translated/ C) Because many English words have multiple meanings (polysemy).
C. Because many English words have multiple meanings (polysemy)
Why can learners sound too direct or too formal in English? A) They do not know enough vocabulary/ B) They transfer pragmatic norms from their L1/ C) They use incorrect verb tenses
B. They transfer pragmatic norms from their L1
Pragmatic errors usually stop communication from continuing. True or False
False — communication usually still works even when there are pragmatic errors.
How is Spanish rhythm usually described? A) Stress-timed B) Syllable-timed C) Tone-timed
B) Syllable-timed
Which of the following is an example of a pragmatic routine? A) Forming the past tense of regular verbs/ B) Memorizing new vocabulary/ C) Using conventional expressions for requests or apologies
A) Using conventional expressions for requests or apologies
