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PCA 2 UNIT 4

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    past modals
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  • They’re an hour late. I think their train must have been / should have been delayed.
    They’re an hour late. I think their train must have been delayed.
  •  15
  • I couldn’t find my new memory stick, so I needn’t have used / had to use my old one.
    I couldn’t find my new memory stick, so I had to use my old one.
  •  15
  • I’m not sure why the company is going to move offices. They might have needed / can’t have needed more space.
    I’m not sure why the company is going to move offices. They can’t have needed more space.
  •  15
  • Their holiday was a disaster: they had nowhere to stay and not enough money. They should have thought / might have thought it through more carefully before they left.
    Their holiday was a disaster: they had nowhere to stay and not enough money. They should have thought it through more carefully before they
  •  15
  • Their car is still outside, so they must have left / can’t have left yet.
    Their car is still outside, so they can’t have left yet.
  •  15
  • The restaurant was empty when we got there; we needn’t have reserved / should have reserved a table.
    The restaurant was empty when we got there; we needn’t have reserved reserved a table.
  •  15
  • REWRITE THE ANSWER USING THE PAST MODAL - A: I missed the train by about 20 seconds. B: I’m sure that was frustrating. - That ... (must)
    That must have been frustrating.
  •  25
  • REWRITE THE ANSWER USING THE PAST MODAL - A: There are plenty of tickets left for the concert. B: So pre-booking our tickets wasn’t necessary. So we ... (needn’t)
    So we needn’t have pre-booked our tickets
  •  25
  • REWRITE THE ANSWER USING THE PAST MODAL - A: Apparently they couldn’t use the car abroad as they didn’t have the right insurance. B: It would have been sensible to check their policy before they left. They ... (should)
    They should have checked their policy before they left.
  •  25
  • REWRITE THE ANSWER USING THE PAST MODAL - A: The car has stopped working. B: Maybe it’s run out of petrol. It ... (might)
    It might have run out of petrol
  •  25
  • REWRITE THE ANSWER USING THE PAST MODAL - A: Sophia wasn’t in class today. B: It’s possible she forgot we were having an extra class. She ... (well)
    She may/might well have forgotten we were having an extra class.
  •  25
  • REWRITE THE ANSWER USING THE PAST MODAL - A: They’re very late. B: Clearly, their train has been delayed. Their train ... (must)
    Their train must have been delayed.
  •  25
  • REWRITE THE ANSWER USING THE PAST MODAL - A: I couldn’t find my phone yesterday. B: I imagine you were obliged to use your old one. I imagine ... (had)
    I imagine you had to use your old one.
  •  25
  • REWRITE THE ANSWER USING THE PAST MODAL - A: Manuela’s car is still outside. B: Clearly she is still here. She ... (can’t)
    She can’t have left.
  •  25