1. Which Java keyword is used to create a new object (an instance) of a class? (1)
C. new (Example: Dog d = new Dog();)
2. Which of the following is not a primitive type in Java? (1)
C. String
3. What does a class represent in object-oriented programming? (1)
B (A class defines fields and methods. Instances (objects) are created from that blueprint.)
4. Which statement about the main method is correct? (2)
B (JVM calls public static void main(String[] args) without creating an object, so main is static)
5. Which of the following best describes encapsulation? (2)
B (Encapsulation uses private fields and public getters/setters or methods to control access)
6. What is the output? (2)
5 (int is primitive → assignment copies the value. Changing y does not affect x.)
7. What is the output? (2)
Fido (d1 and d2 refer to the same object → changing through one affects the other.)
8. What happens? (3)
Compile error (No default constructor is available since the class declared a constructor with parameters)
9. What is printed? (3)
70.0 (Withdraw subtracts from balance, leaving 70)
10. What is the output? (3)
2 (Static field count is shared across all objects. Each constructor increments once)
11. Which keyword refers to the current instance inside an instance method or constructor? (2)
C. this
12. Which is true about static fields? (2)
B (Only one copy of a static field exists per class loader; all instances share it)
13. What does the expression a == b test when a and b are object references? (3)
B ( == compares references for objects. equals() can be overridden to compare content.)
14. Which statement about equals() is correct? (3)
B (Object.equals() tests this == obj. Many classes (e.g., String) override it to compare content)
15. Given String s1 = "hi"; String s2 = "hi";, what is s1 == s2? (3)
B ( String literals are interned; identical literals refer to the same object in the string pool, so == is true)
