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Define "interest rates"
The cost of borrowing money, expressed as a percentage of the amount borrowed.
Define "crush inflation"
To reduce or eliminate rapidly rising prices in the economy, usually by raising interest rates or tightening monetary policy.
The main financial authority of a country that manages monetary policy, issues currency, and regulates banks.
central bank
Define "cause a recession"
To trigger a period of economic decline marked by falling output, rising unemployment, and reduced spending.
Define "inflation target"
The specific rate of inflation that a central bank aims to maintain for price stability.
The supply of available workers and the demand for employees, determining wages, employment, and job opportunities.
labour market
The central bank of the United States, often called “the Fed,” responsible for monetary policy.
Federal Reserve
A request submitted to a lender for a loan to buy real estate, including details of income, debt, and credit history.
mortgage application
Define "rate cuts"
Instances when a central bank lowers interest rates.
Define "tariff-driven inflation"
Rising prices caused by import tariffs (taxes on foreign goods), which make products more expensive.
An economic rule stating that central banks should raise interest rates by more than the increase in inflation to keep inflation under control.
Taylor principle
A measure of inflation that excludes volatile items like food and energy, showing underlying price trends.
core inflation
The total amount a country owes to creditors, built up by borrowing over time.
national debt
Define "GDP"
Gross Domestic Product — the total value of all goods and services produced in a country in a given period.
Income received by a government or business, often from taxes or sales.
revenue
Define "pension'
Regular payments made to retired people, usually funded by employers, governments, or workers’ contributions.
