What do we call a device that detects physical or chemical variables, and transforms them into electrical variables?
A sensor
What are some examples of the physical and chemical variables a sensor can detect?
temperature, humidity, light intensity, distance, acceleration, tilit, pressure, strength
What type of sensor is this?
A light intensity sensor or LDR (light-dependent resistor)
What type of sensor is this?
A temperature sensor or NTC (negative temperature coefficient)
What type of sensor is this?
An ultrasonic sensor (HC-SR04 model), which uses ultrasound waves to determine how far away an object is.
What type of sensor is this?
An infrared sensor (CNY70 model). Which detects reflected light. It can differentiate between black and white or light and dark.
What type of sensor is this?
A temperature and humidity sensor
What type of sensor is this?
A Motion or PIR (passive infrared) sensor. Which detects the infrared radiation emitted by objects or persons.
What type of sensor is this?
A limit sensor
What type of sensor is this?
Accelerometer
What do we call a device that converts electrical energy into the activation of a process in order to act upon an automated process?
An actuator
What elements have polarity so we have to connect the anode and cathode correctly?
LEDs
What elements convert electrical energy into mechanical energy to rotate a shaft?
DC (direct current) motors
What do we call precision DC motors that have a motor inside with a speed reducer and a small control circuit tha only allows them to rotate from 0 to 180º
A servomotor
What different elements can microcontrollers act on?
Lights (generally LEDs), direct current (DC) motors, and servomotors
