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network topology
diagram that shows how devices in a network are connected to one another, and shows the network hardware
hardware
physical parts of a computer that you can touch and see, e.g. the processor, storage devices, input devices, output devices
router
hardware device that connects networks together
network switch:
switch that connects devices together to form a wired network
network interface card (NIC):
every device that connects to a network includes a NIC, which has a pre-programmed MAC address so that it can be identified on the network
MAC address:
number programmed into a network interface card that identifies each device on a network
wireless access point:
allows devices to connect to a network using Wi-Fi
file server:
server that stores users' files and enables them to be shared on a network
firewall:
restricts the network traffic entering and exiting a network, to ensure that it is safe
network traffic:
amount of data travelling through a network, split into small parts for transmission
bus topology:
network in which all devices are connected together via a main cable running down the centre of the network
terminator:
ending to a network cable that absorbs the signal to stop it bouncing back
colliding:
when data 'bumps into' other data, which often causes errors or lost data
ring topology:
network in which all devices are connected together to form a ring
star topology:
network in whicheach device is connected separately to a central switch
protocol:
agreed set of rules that computers follow to communicate with each other over a network
