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What does the word "igneous" mean?
It means "fire." Igneous rocks come from magma that has cooled into solid rock.
What process occurs when magma cools and turns into a solid?
Solidification.
What is an extrusive igneous rock?
A rock that forms when lava cools on the Earth's surface.
Give an example of an extrusive igneous rock.
Basalt.
What is an intrusive igneous rock?
A rock that forms when magma cools slowly inside the Earth's crust.
Give an example of an intrusive igneous rock.
Granite.
Why do intrusive igneous rocks have large crystals?
They cool slowly inside the Earth's crust, allowing large crystals to form.
What happens when rocks above intrusive igneous rocks wear away?
The intrusive rock (e.g., granite) appears at the surface.
What are igneous rocks made of?
Minerals, such as silica, oxygen, aluminum, magnesium, and iron.
What is the most important characteristic of all igneous rocks?
They are crystalline (made of crystals).
What is quartz made of?
Silica and oxygen.
Why do the crystals in basalt appear so small?
The lava cools quickly, so the crystals don’t have time to grow.
Why does granite have different colors?
It contains different minerals like quartz, feldspar, and mica.
What does "solidification" mean?
The process of magma cooling and becoming solid rock.
Why can’t we see the crystals in some igneous rocks with the naked eye?
Because they are too small due to rapid cooling.
