What are chromosomes and how many does each human being have?
Chromosomes are threadlike structures in the nucleus that contain directions for cell activities; 23 x 2 = 46.
What determines an organism’s genotype?
All the genes that are inherited by an organism.
Explain how Mendel’s experiment showed different information in different traits.
Wow, you really know your stuff! / Sorry, we were looking for...
What determines an organism’s phenotype?
The way in which an organism expresses, or shows, its traits.
What do chromosomes do?
Ensure DNA is replicated+distributed in cell division, carry information for cell growth+reproduction, and determine sex.
Why are the chances of having male offspring or female offspring equal?
Eggs always contain X chromosomes, so the offspring’s gender is determined by whether the sperm cell contains an X chromosome or a Y chromosome.
Why do men have a bigger chance of being colorblind?
This is because men inherit just one X chromosome, which is where the gene is found.
What information can you learn from a pedigree?
Ancestry and historical genetic information.
What does a darker circle or square on a pedigree represent?
Darker-shaded circles or squares stand for individuals who show the particular trait that is being studied.
What is a genetic disorder? Give an example.
Genetic disorders are conditions caused by mutations, or changes, in a gene or set of genes.
