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Define legitimacy
groups or actions that are considered to be acceptable, usually by conforming to agreed laws or democratic principles
define cultural relativism
“The view that matters of right or wrong are entirely culturally determined, usually implying that it is impossible to say that one culture is better or worse t
Name the scholars who coined offensive and defensive realism, and explain their differences.
OR: John Mearsheimer; continuously seek more power; DR Kenneth Waltz, seek power only to defend themselves
what are the four features of a sovereign state?
A defined territory, permanent population, effective government, ability to enter relations with other states
what is a fragile state? name one example
A state that cannot properly control its own land (territory and citizens), South Sudan
Explain the difference between positive and negative rights. Provide an example of each.
positive: action from govt (right to free education, right to health); negative: no interference (freedom from torture)
what are the four key principles of human rights?
universal, interdependent, indivisible, inalienable
what human rights violations would be protected under R2P? Give at least 2 examples
genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity, ethnic cleansing
name 2 ways of measuring development and explain them
GDP, GNI, HDI, HPI
what are the limitations of using GDP/GNI as a measure of development?
cannot account for all monetary transactions, damage to development, and inequality
explain cyber power and provide 1 case study
the ability to use the Internet, social media, and online tools to achieve desired goals and influence behaviours; election tampering USA in 2016
define corruption and explain how this is a political factor for development with a case study
“The abuse of entrusted power for private gain.” - South Africa example of PPE
what is the consequence of being a landlocked country and how does this affect development?
higher transportation costs thus impact on economic development, political reliance on neighbouring countries, lack of access to the sea's economic resources
how does the world bank affect development? provide 2 case studies, one supporting and one opposing
provide financial aid, economic advice, and infrastructure projects. Sri Lanka and Kenya
define state capitalism and explain the pros and cons for socioeconomic development
can stimulate economic growth in some cases such as Singapore and provide basic needs, also good for emerging states. However, SOEs not efficient...
explain the ideology of Marxism and its relevance to capitalism
capitalism is bad because business owners are maximising profits over people, leading to alienation and revolt. Capitalism will be abolished
