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For actions that happened at a known time in the past?
Past simple.
To talk about completed actions in the past and states?
Past simple.
To talk about experiences in the past, usually with never or ever?
Present perfect.
For recent events or states that have a connection with the present, usually with already, yet or just?
Present perfect.
To talk about states that started in the past and have not changed, usually with for or since?
Present perfect.
To talk about actions that happened during a time which still continues, usually with this morning, this week, this year?
Present perfect.
To give news?
Present perfect.
Guess what! Jim _____ (pass) his exam.
has passed
I _____ (do) my shopping this morning and I am about to go home now. I feel exhausted.
have done
This morning, we _____ (have) a test in English. Is dinner ready yet?
had
I _____ (listen / never) to Hip Hop music before, but I am enjoying it.
have never listened
Sam ____ (be) a French teacher for five years now and he can't imagine doing any other job.
has been
James ____ (be) a PE teacher for 3 years, but he works as a gym instructor now.
was
I ______ (go) shopping yesterday afternoon.
started
She ___ (study) really hard for her test this week.
has studied
