How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration connected? Why are they called complementary reactions?
Plants use CO2, water and sunlight to make glucose and O2 (photosynthesis). The glucose and O2 are turned into energy, water and CO2 in cellular respiration.
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10
Define photosynthesis.
It’s the process by which sunlight energy is converted, through a precise series of steps, to produce glucose (C6H12O6).
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15
What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotes are assumed to be the older type of cell (bacteria). Prokaryotes don't have a nucleus.
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15
What is a solvent?
A liquid that separates other molecules (e.g. water is a solvent because it dissolves sugar/breaks down sugar molecules)
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10
What is the chemical formula for glucose?
C6H12O6
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15
What is a cell?
A cell is the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism which consists of a nucleus and cytoplasm enclosed in a membrane.
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15
What is an example of a carbon store?
Carbon stores means that carbon is stored on our planet as organic matter in living and dead organisms, as CO2 in the atmosphere, as organic matter in soil.
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15
What is bulk transport?
A type of molecule motion - big molecules moving into and out of cells in bubbles because they can’t pass through the cell membrane
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15
What are mitochondria and which process are they connected to?
The power plants of the cell where glucose is broken down and turned into energy (ATP). This is called cellular respiration.
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15
What is cellular respiration?
Cellular respiration is the process in which cells break down sugar and turn it into energy (ATP).
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15
What is a solute?
A group of molecules that are separated by the solvent (e.g. sugar)
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15
Define autotrophic organisms.
Organisms that produce their own food. They use sunlight in photosynthesis and convert it into chemical energy and sugars. Example: plants
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15
Define heterotrophic organisms.
Heterotrophic organisms cannot produce their own food so they rely on the producers for their energy needs by eating them. Example: humans
