How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration connected? Why are they called complementary reactions?
Plants use CO2, water and sunlight to make glucose and O2 (photosynthesis). The glucose and O2 are turned into energy, water and CO2 in cellular respiration.
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15
What are mitochondria and which process are they connected to?
The power plants of the cell where glucose is broken down and turned into energy (ATP). This is called cellular respiration.
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15
Define diffusion as a type of molecule motion.
It is the movement of a SOLUTE from an area of high concentration to the area of low solute concentration.
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15
What is the cell theory? (3 principles)
1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. The cell is the basic unit of structure 3. All cells come from pre-existing cells
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10
What is the chemical formula for glucose?
C6H12O6
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10
What is are chloroplasts, where are they normally found and what gives them their colour?
Plant organelles where photosynthesis takes place. They are green because they contain chlorophyll. They are normally found in leaves and stems.
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15
Define osmosis as a type of molecule motion.
It is the movement of A SOLVENT from area of high concentration to the area of low concentration through a semi-permeable (e.g. water moving through your body)
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15
What is a solute?
A group of molecules that are separated by the solvent (e.g. sugar)
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15
Describe what happens to the carbohydrates during cellular respiration.
They are broken down and used to create adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Cells use ATP molecules to do work.
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15
What is a cell?
A cell is the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism which consists of a nucleus and cytoplasm enclosed in a membrane.
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What is cellular respiration?
Cellular respiration is the process in which cells break down sugar and turn it into energy (ATP).
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What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotes are assumed to be the older type of cell (bacteria). Prokaryotes don't have a nucleus.
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15
What is a carbon flux? Give an example.
Carbon flux is the amount of carbon exchanged between the oceans, atmosphere, land and living organisms (e.g. photosynthesis). â process