There were three estates in the Old Regime: nobility, clergy and commoners.
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15
Explain the following term: Old Regime
The Old Regime was the political, social and economic system that many parts of Europe followed until the 18th century.
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15
Explain the following term: Estates General
The Estates General was an assembly of representatives from all the provinces of the Dutch Republic, where joint decisions were made.
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15
Explain the following term: Encyclopaedia
Encyclopaedia: reasoned dictionary that intended to be a summary of the knowledge of the time.
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15
Explain the following term Enlightenment
The Enlightenment was an 18th-century philosophical and cultural movement that centred on the use of human reason and the belief in progress.
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15
Explain the following term: Enlightened despotism:
Form of government in which the king works to bring happiness to his subjects
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15
Which European territories did Spain lose after the War of the Spanish Succession? Which countries gained those territories?
Great Britain received Gibraltar and Menorca, Austria received Spanish territory in Flanders and Italy.
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20
How did the Bill of Rights limit the monarch’s power?
The Bill of Rights established that the monarch could not pass laws, create new taxes, or collect them without the approval of Parliament.
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15
Which were the privileged estates?
The nobility and the clergy were the privileged estates.
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15
Explain why the following have become historical figures: Montesquieu
Montesquieu: establishes the basis for the separation of powers.
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20
Why was the agrarian sector not very productive in the 18th century?
It was not very productive in the 18th century because very basic tools were used, crops depended on the weather, and bad harvests could result in famine
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15
Explain the following term: Economic Society of Friends of the Country
one of the private associations of enlightened thinkers that met to discuss a variety of subjects.
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15
Explain the following term: Absolutism
Absolutism was the system of government in many parts of 18th-century Europe, in which the monarchs held full legislative, executive and judicial powers.
