This type of carbon-ring molecule is known as a ____________.
Heme group. This one is found in the hemoglobin proteins of red blood cells.
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5
This molecule is ATP. What would the molecule be known as if it were missing two phophate groups?
It would be a nucleotide.
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5
True or False? Carbon atoms typically love to give away their electrons.
False! Under normal circumstances carbon atoms will NOT give away their electrons. Instead, they form covalent bonds.
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heart
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Can you name the four carbon-based molecules that make up about 25% of most human cells?
Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, and Nucleic Acids
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lifesaver
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5
This functional group is known as _______________.
an Amino group
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This is ______________.
a functional group known as a Phosphate group
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What does this molecule become if one hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxyl group?
Ethane becomes ethanol if one OH group replaces one H.
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These two identical molecules are great examples of __________.
Isomers. They have the exact same molecular formula but different atomic arrangements.
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5
These two amino acids show "handiness". Since they are "mirror images" of each other they are isomers specifically known as ___________.
Stereoisomers
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5
Which has the stronger bond? Carbon to Carbon or Silcon to Silcon? Can you explain why?
Carbon to Carbon bonds are stronger because carbon atoms are smaller.
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5
If the OH in this molecule is replaced with a single Oxygen atom, and one more methyl group is added, this molecule becomes ____________.
Testosterone
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5
Nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), sulfur (S), phosphorus (P), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I) as well as the metals lithium (Li) and magnesium (Mg) are all considered to be __________. Why?
Heteroatoms. This is because they are all noncarbon atoms that can replace carbon in the backbone of an organic molecule.