The Abbasids shifted the Caliphate from ___________ to __________________.

The teachings of Muhammad were recorded in the ______, the holy book of the Muslims.

Muslims must say their prayers _____________ times a day

Who was the founder of Islam

Knowledge of Indian ___________, _________________, ____________, ______________ and the __________________ were assimilated by the Arabs, leading to further enrichment of Arab civilization and culture.

The old Hindu kingdoms of _______________ and ___________ declined and were eventually replaced by _________________ dynasties.

The spirit of _____________________ among the Hindus made them ___________________ foreign cultural influence.

In 712 CE, an Arab expedition under _______________________________ defeated the ruler of ________________________ and occupied the entire province.

The Arabs exported ____________ and ________________ to India.

The Umayyad Caliphs had established their capital at _______________.

One of the Abbasid Caliphs established a __________________ at Baghdad to translate into Arabic the collective wisdom of various ancient civilizations.

Abu Bakr took the title of ____________.