Why are authentic texts important in language teaching?
To expose learners to the reality, unpredictability, and complexity of real speech, focusing on language variation and choice rather than fixed, formal rules.
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Why is the teacher important when teaching pronunciation?
They provide scaffolding (explicit support and manageable steps) and help students overcome the insecurity of learning a new language by ensuring early success.
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How does a speaker use their voice to show they are hesitating and willing to let someone else speak (turn-yielding)?
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What physical changes does a speaker make to create "prominence" on a syllable?
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What are the genres of speaking?
Genres are staged, goal-oriented, social processes, categorized as transactional (exchanging goods/services) or interactional (maintaining social relationships)
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What are speaking and pronunciation?
Speaking is the use of language to communicate meaning in social contexts, while pronunciation includes all the sound features used in speech.
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What procedures are there specifically for pronunciation teaching?
Ranges from mechanical drills (listen-and-repeat) and ear training to cognitive analysis (explaining articulation) and communication games.
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How do speakers negotiate and manage topics in conversation?
By using strategies such as clarification, repetition, checking understanding, and backchannels.
