the 3D shape of the protein after it has been folded

the effect of environmental factors in changing DNA and histones

Uracil

Helicase unwinds the double helix, RNA polymerase builds the mRNA strand from free nucleotides and this leaves the nucleus and travels to the ribosome

Competitive - bind to the active site blocking substrates, non-competitive bind to the allosteric site altering the shape of the active site.

Enzymes active site alters slightly to be an exact fit to the substrate

the intermediates before it folds into 3D structure - ie alpha helices and beta pleated sheets.

a change in base pairs leading to no noticeable effect

Because each molecule has one new and one old strand.

An amino acid

a stop codon replacing a regular amino acid codon; leading to a shortened polypeptide

two or more polypeptide chains (tertiary structures) chemically bonded.

1. Guide RNA binding, 2. DNA cleavage, 3. DNA repair