________ is associated with significant morbidity and mortality (20-25%) and if left untreated 100% mortality rate.
IE
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15
Pathogenesis of IE. (what needs to happen for IE to occur)
1. Endocardial surface injury 2. Platelet-fibrin-thrombus formation at site of injury
3. Bacterial entry in circulation 4. bacterial adherence to wall
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15
Complications develop in approx ____% for patients being treated for IE.
40%
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these two imaging modalities show promise for the evaluation for IE
MRI and CT
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what is the treatment for IE and for how long and prevention.
Vancomyocin or ampicillin for 4-6weeks of high dose IV antibiotic therapy.
after complete therapy, pt should be educated on dental hygiene, prophylaxis need.
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15
what are some clinical manifestation of IE?
unexplained fevers, night sweats, fatigue, weakness, systemic illness, signs of HF
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15
Infective Endo is defined as a localized infection anywhere on the _________.
Endocardium.
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15
IE results from _______ or _______ infection of the endocardial surface of the heart, including valves.
bacterial or fungal
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15
True/false: echo provides anticipated timing of surgical intervention
True
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15
What are the Risk Factors for IE
*Prosthetic Valve *recent Hx of invasive procedure (25%) *IV abuse
*structural or congenital heart disease
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15
Echo Parameter consistent with risk vegetation size
a) <7mm = _____% complication
b) >11mm = _____% complication
a) <10%
b) >50%
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15
what are some IE complications.
*embolization (left: stroke, ischemia, renal failure, right: PE or pneumonia)
* Leaflet perforation, flail * acute regurge *tamponade *HF
