The teacher checks that all learners can hear.

The teacher asks learners to guess what a word means.

The teacher writes examples of language on the board for learners to say in an activity.

Two learners demonstrate a role play before everyone does it in small groups.

Learners use language from an activity and tell each other about their own lives.

Learners are going to hear a dialogue about an unfamiliar topic. The teacher prepares them by getting them to talk about it in their first language.

Learners use pictures in the coursebook as they play a guessing game.

The teacher teaches/reviews vocabulary before learners interview their partner in pairs.

As the teacher tells a story, she uses gesture, mime and di[erent voices for characters.

As learners practise a dialogue in pairs the teacher makes notes of mistakes to deal with after the activity.

Before the teacher tells a story, she shows a picture from the story to the class. She asks questions about the picture, and learners answer in their first language.

The teacher gives learners time to prepare an interview before they perform it in front of the class.

The teacher plays a podcast. Learners write answers to questions about it.