A-B toxins; membrane-disrupting toxins (leukocidins, hemolysins, streptolysins), genotoxins, superantigens are all endotoxins or exotoxins?
exotoxins
Oops!
Check
Okay!
Check
15
experimental requirements for identifying the agent of an infectious disease
Koch's postulates
Oops!
Check
Okay!
Check
25
What are ways viruses cause cytopathic effects in the cell?
stop cell synthesis, cause cell to release lysosomes, create inclusion bodies, fusing cells to create syncytium, chromosomal changes, loss of contact inhibition
Oops!
Check
Okay!
Check
15
What virulence factor triggers endocytosis?
invasins
Oops!
Check
Okay!
Check
trap
No points!
Oops!
magnet
Take 25 points!
Okay!
gift
Win 20 points!
Okay!
thief
Give points!
5
10
15
20
25
15
Analytical epidemiology: analyzes a particular disease to determine its probable cause, give an example of what an analytical epidemiologist would study
investigating an outbreak of 40 staff getting food poisoning in a hospital, finding what caused the outbreaking
Oops!
Check
Okay!
Check
boom
Lose 50 points!
Oops!
seesaw
Swap points!
Okay!
gift
Win 25 points!
Okay!
thief
Give points!
5
10
15
20
25
15
How would you define cytopathic effects of viruses?
Cytopathic effects are visible signs in a host cell of a viral infection
Oops!
Check
Okay!
Check
15
explain the 5 stages of the development of disease
incubation, prodromal, period of illness, period of decline, convalescence
Oops!
Check
Okay!
Check
10
What are 3 portals of entry
mucous membranes, skin, parenteral route
Oops!
Check
Okay!
Check
25
Why does the influenza vaccine only offer a few months of protection?
antigenic variation; influenza alters its surface antigens so antibodies formed from the previous vaccination do not bind to the new antigens.
Oops!
Check
Okay!
Check
15
compare and contrast contact and vehicle transmissions and give examples
contact transmision includes direct, indirect contact, droplet and congenital transmissions, vehicle Transmission are by an inanimate reservoir- air food water
Oops!
Check
Okay!
Check
15
causes gas gangrene, tetnus, botulism, diptheria, scarlet fever, cyanobacterial intoxification
exotoxins
Oops!
Check
Okay!
Check
25
Most organisms cannot penetrate intact skin; how then would pathogens enter a host through this portal of entry
they would enter through the hair follicles and sweat glands on the skin
