UNIT 5 SIGS 4-6 | Baamboozle - Baamboozle | The Most Fun Classroom Games!

Discuss the Batts-Ludwig grading and staging criteria

Grade-amount of necroinflammatory activity; Stage-amount of fibrosis

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Explain the pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus

transmitted by blood/sexual contact/transplacentally->hepatocytes->dsDNA->mRNA viral proteins->dsDNA packaged->viral antigens attached by CTL-> acute hepatitis

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Mesalamine (5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA): drug class, MOA, indication, side effect

Sulfasalazine; inhibit production of inflammatory mediators from both cyclooxygenase & lipoxygenase pathways; induce/remission UC+CD; sulfonamide toxicity

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In celiac disease, explain how malabsorption can result in osmotic diarrhea

damaged villi + mucosa --> Osmotic diarrhea=osmotically active, poorly absorbed solutes in the bowel lumen->inhibit normal water + electrolyte absorption

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Elaborate the role of statin in the regulation of intracellular cholesterol synthesis

Statins inhibit HMG-CoA reductase->reduce cellular cholesterol synthesis->Lower intracellular cholesterol->over-expression of the LDL receptors=lower plasma LDL

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Describe the pathophysiology, risk factors, and clinical features of celiac disease

genetic(HLA DQ 2,8)+exposure to prolamins->TTG alter + gliadin w/ zonulin -> IgA against TTG + tight junctions open = inflammation GI ->malabsorption-diarrhea

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Explain how hepatocellular oxidative injury can result in hepatic inflammation and necrosis

Reactive oxygen species produced in mitochondria + ER of hepatocytes via cytochrome P450-> imbalance oxidants/antioxidants=structural & functional abnormality

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banana

Go to last place!

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gift

Win 25 points!

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shark

Other team loses 25 points!

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thief

Give points!

Identify the utility of serologic and endoscopic evaluation in the diagnosis and management of celiac disease.

Serology: Anti-TTG; Endoscopic-histologically see vilious atrophy+crypt hypertrophy+increased IEL

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banana

Go to last place!

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star

Double points!

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shark

Other team loses 25 points!

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banana

Go to last place!

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Compare and Contrast the clinical features and Anatomy of Ulcerative Colitis and Chron Disease

UC: continuous colonic involved; bloody diarrhea, smoking helps it, tenesmus; CD: skip lesions mouth to anus; gingival ulcers, kidney stones, erythema nodosum

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monster

Reset all scores!

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seesaw

Swap points!

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shark

Other team loses 10 points!

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baam

Lose 20 points!

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Describe life-threatening complications from cirrhosis including hepatic encephalopathy (HE), spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP), and esophageal varices (EV)

HE: toxin build up in blood->brain damage; SBP: infection of ascitic fluid in peritoneum; EV: blood flow to liver blocked->enlarged esophageal veins

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Explain the rationale for utilizing sofosbuvir-velpatasvir in previously untreated hepatitis C

Velpatasvir: NS5A inhibitor; Sofosbuvir: NS5B polymerase inhibitor; both work by weakening the activity of proteins needed by hepatitis C

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Explain the pathogenesis of hepatitis C virus

human reservoir→transmission by blood, semen, in utero→infects hepatocytes→immune response by CTLs kills infected hepatocytes=acute hepatitis

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