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15
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Which enzyme in the mouth begins the chemical breakdown of the complex carbohydrate starch?
The enzyme salivary amylase begins breaking down starch into the simpler sugar maltose
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15
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Which essential gas is required by autotrophs for photosynthesis, but is not required by heterotrophs?
Carbon dioxide gas
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15
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What is the primary function of the xylem?
Xylem is responsible for transporting water, water-soluble nutrients, and minerals absorbed from the soil through the root system
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15
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How do root hair cells improve the efficiency of a plant's water absorption?
Root hairs are microscopic extensions that increase the surface area of a root up to 12 times, allowing for much greater absorption
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15
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What are the breathing pores that insects use to take in and expel air?
Insects use structures called spiracles
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Through the use of radioisotopes, scientists discovered that the oxygen released during photosynthesis comes from which molecule?
It was shown that water (not carbon dioxide) is the source of the oxygen gas released
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15
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What are the pores on a leaf's surface that allow for the exchange of gases?
These pores are called stomata (or stomates)
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boom
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fairy
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25
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fairy
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lifesaver
Give 10 points!
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15
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What are the two types of digestion that occur in the mammalian digestive system?
Digestion is broken down into mechanical digestion and chemical digestion
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15
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Which active enzyme in the stomach begins the chemical breakdown of proteins?
Pepsin, which is converted from pepsinogen in an acidic environment, breaks down long-chained proteins
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lifesaver
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seesaw
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gift
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thief
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What is the process of muscular contractions that moves food down the oesophagus?
This process is called peristalsis
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baam
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gold
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fairy
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banana
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15
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What are lenticels?
Lenticels are pores through which gaseous exchange occurs in the woody parts of plants, like tree trunks and branches
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15
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Where is bile produced, and where is it stored?
Bile is produced by the liver and is stored in the gall bladder
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15
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What are the two types of vascular tissue responsible for transport in plants?
The two types of vascular tissue are xylem and phloem
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