Approximately 200 g of carbohydrates per day is considered the average requirement.

The end product of glycolysis in hepatocytes is pyruvate, which can enter mitochondrial metabolism.

Because it supports many body systems through metabolism, detoxification, protein synthesis, bile production, and regulation of blood glucose.

The liver is the largest parenchymal organ in the human body and performs essential metabolic and detoxification functions necessary for survival.

The brain and erythrocytes (red blood cells) utilize about 80% of the daily glucose supply. The brain relies heavily on glucose for energy, while erythrocytes d

The main metabolic form of carbohydrates is glucose.

During hyperglycemia, hepatocytes increase the activity of pathways such as glycolysis, glycogenesis, and lipogenesis, facilitating the utilization and storage

Pyruvate is converted into acetyl-CoA, a central metabolic intermediate involved in the TCA cycle, fatty acid synthesis, and ketone body formation.

This reaction produces: Acetyl-CoA Carbon dioxide (CO₂) NADH These products participate in cellular respiration and energy metabolism.

Approximately 10–15% of absorbed glucose is converted into glycogen. Glycogen serves as a rapidly mobilizable energy reserve that maintains blood glucose levels

The liver maintains normal blood glucose levels through glycogenesis, glycogenolysis, and gluconeogenesis.

The liver stores glucose in the form of glycogen, a highly branched polysaccharide. The liver can store approximately 300 g of glucose equivalents as glycogen t

Around 30% of glucose is converted into fatty acids. This process occurs when glucose availability exceeds immediate energy needs, leading to lipogenesis for lo