Unit 4 SIGS cases 1-6 | Baamboozle - Baamboozle | The Most Fun Classroom Games!

Describe the pathophysiology of acute HIV

attachment (gp120, CD4r, CCR5) -> penetration -> uncoating -> reverse transcription -> integration of new vDNA -> transcription -> translation -> release

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Discuss the role of haptens, including urushiol, in the immune response (priming of T cells).

Small, enter skin -> bind self-proteins -> Langerhans recognizes & goes to lymph-> MHC-II binds -> TH1 release IL2 -> release IFN -> macrophage -> inflammation

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Describe the signs/symptoms of cryptococcus neoformans infection and explain why flucytosine is used in combination with liposomal amphotericin B.

Lungs: cough, SOB, CP, fever; Brain: headache, fever, N/V, neck pain, photosensitivity; synergistic for more aggressive treatment of cryptococcal meningitis

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Describe and justify the two-tiered serologic testing for diagnosing Lyme Disease

EIA or IFA -> (positive) -> IgM and IgG Western blot (30- days) OR IgG Western Blot (30+ days); cross reaction --> false positive

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Characterize the clinical presentation of SLE.

increased anti-DNA antibodies, decreased complement levels, malar (butterfly) rash, alopecia, discoid rash (chronic, scaring), arthralgia, myalgia

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lifesaver

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monster

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gift

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rocket

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thief

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Characterize the serologic workup for rheumatoid arthritis

RF= IgM rheumatoid antibody binds modified IgG; ACPA= anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies; ESR= correlates w/ disease activity; CRP= objective measure

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magnet

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shark

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Why are clavulanate and amoxicillin used to treat acute otitis media?

Clavulanate is synergistic with amoxicillin to prevent degradation by beta-lactamase

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Explain the delayed onset of symptoms following exposure to Toxicodendron species.

Due to the time that it takes to activate and recruit T cells to the site

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Discuss the use of hydroxychloroquine and glucocorticoids in treating auto-immune diseases.

Hydroxy: May disrupt processing of auto-antigen engagement w/ T cells; Gluco: reduce synthesis inflamm. cytokines & upreg. synthesis of annexin A1

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Most common bacterial and viral pathogens causing acute otitis media in children?

Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis

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Name OMT techniques to treat acute otitis media and state why this is effective.

Galbreath, auricular drainage, lymphatic pump; Promotes drainage of lymph to decrease pathogen proliferation

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Characterize Borrelia burgdoferi (structure, physiology, epidemiology, mode of transmission).

Spirochete, flagella, outer surface proteins (virulence factor), U.S., Canada, Europe; Ixodes tick vector

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