Who was Prince Henry "the Navigator" and what did he do?
A Portuguese leader who founded a navigation school and promoted exploration
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15
Define mercantilism.
An economic system where colonies exist to supply the mother country and the government controls trade to accumulate national wealth
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15
Which economic system did the chapter say provided the greatest long-term benefits?
Capitalism, because it encouraged investment, production, and broader prosperity
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15
How did European treatment of indigenous peoples vary by country?
Spain often enslaved and forced conversions; Portugal varied; France tended to work with natives; English often attempted coexistence but with exceptions
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15
Which explorers discovered the Mississippi River and the Grand Canyon region?
Hernando de Soto discovered the Mississippi; Francisco VÃĄzquez de Coronado's men reached the Grand Canyon region
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15
What economic changes in Europe are termed the Commercial Revolution?
Shift from land-based wealth to money economy, new business practices, and expanded trade and finance
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15
What were the three ships Columbus sailed with in 1492?
The NiÃąa, the Pinta, and the Santa MarÃa
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15
What Spanish conquistador defeated the Aztecs?
HernÃĄn CortÃĐs
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thief
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seesaw
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rocket
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lifesaver
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15
What is the difference between mercantilist and capitalist views of wealth?
Mercantilists saw wealth as national hoards of gold/silver; capitalists viewed wealth as money invested to generate more money and individual profit
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15
Who first rounded the tip of Africa (Cape of Good Hope)?
Bartolomeu Dias
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15
What role did maps and improved mapmaking play in exploration?
They became more accurate and based on traders' reports, enabling longer voyages and safer navigation
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15
Which French explorers traveled the Mississippi River region?
Jacques Marquette and Louis Joliet (explored); Sieur de La Salle claimed the Mississippi Valley for France
