It contains many inconsistencies between spelling and pronunciation.

Use a word wall or spelling lists. Copy and arrange words in the right order, practice writing using models, transfer information activities, spellingbee

Controlled practice, guided production, free production.

Plumber (silent b), honest (silent h), knowledge (silent k), iron (silent r).

When it follows a short vowel sound (e.g., badge, judge).

When forming the plural of words ending in these letters (e.g., bus → buses, church → churches).

The letters qu.

The -ie changes to -y for -ing, and sometimes only -d is added for the past tense (e.g., lie → lying, lied).

It can be spelled c, k, ck, ch, cc, qu, q, cq, cu, que, kk, or ke.

Proper nouns, countries, cities, nationalities, languages, months, holidays, and days of the week.