● Believed that education was the key to gaining equality and freedom ● Called for reforms to give women the same education as men

Favored constitutional monarchy: a government has set of laws that limit the ruler’s power (concept of a social contract)

The idea that citizens of a country are part of something bigger than themselves and that they are loyal to a set of national ideals and practices.

The right to vote in a political election.

Through study and travel, was inspired to take a scientific approach to the problems of human society-- to counter the absolute rule by kings (thought humans were naturally cruel, selfish, and greedy)

to do away with; to put a stop to

A political or economic theory in which community members own all property, resources, and the means of production, and control the distribution of goods.

a person who favors the traditional and opposes rapid change; (in a political context) favoring free enterprise, private ownership, and socially traditional ideas

Relating to democratic forms of government rather than monarchies or aristocracies; promotes individual rights, civil liberties, democracy, and free enterprise.

The working class, especially those that lack wealth and must sell their usually unskilled labor in order to survive.

Warned against superstition, error, and oppression (cruel or unjust treatment), celebrated religious tolerance and free speech

A competitive economic system in which products and production means are owned by individuals or private groups.

Of or pertaining to the fight to end slavery; a person who fought for the abolition (end) of slavery.