The Qur'án

Example stories – The Qur’an often conveys moral and spiritual lessons through short stories or examples, making abstract truths easier to understand.

Text: Stories, Fables, Legends

Figurative comparison: e.g, Imam Ali is a Lion of Allah: bravery, courage & fearlessness.

Praise of rulers in the courts, but also praise of the prophets, Imams, e.g. Maddoh in Tajikistan, Ginan in South Asia.

Love between two people, love between Imam and Murid, the Prophet and the believer

Both

Hidden meaning behind a story. e.g, the conference of the birds, by the Persian poet Attar

is an art of using words. It takes many forms...

are techniques that writers use to add depth, meaning, and artistry to their writing

is the body of stories, poems, songs, and traditions passed down by word of mouth

Individual/Personal