Assigning participants to experimental and control conditions by chance ,thus minimizing preexisting differences between those assigned to the different groups

occurs when an individual acts in a less positive way or performs worse when they are around others

refers to the tendency for a group to make decisions that are more extreme than the initial inclination of its members.

Prosocial behavior that is done with no expectation/reward and may involve risk of harm to oneself

experimental results caused by expectations alone; any effect on behavior caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition, which the recipient assumes is an active agent.

the concept that people are prone to exert less effort on a task if they are in a group versus when they work alone

The perspective through which it is believed different traits within any individual are a result of our ancestors adapting for survival and reproduction

The process by which one person tries to change the belief, opinion, position, or course of action of another person through argument, pleading, or explanation

Type of information processing that involves attending to the conent of the message itself (type of persuasion)

when someone evaluates a message, such as an advertisement, on the basis of physical attractiveness, background music, or other surface-level characteristics rather than the actual content of the message (type of persuasion)

explains mental disorders as the result of interactions among biological, psychological, and social factors

An observation technique in which one person is studied in depth in the hope of revealing universal principles

A technique for ascertaining the self-reported attitudes or behaviors of people, usually by questioning a representative, random sample of them