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10
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Identify common risk factors for breast cancer
genetics (BRCA1/2, HER2); Demographics (female, older); prolonged estrogen exposure; Previous cancers/radiation; Lifestyle (alcohol, BMI, smoking)
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10
×
What is the most distinguished clinical feature you would see on a patient with FH?
Xanthomas
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10
×
Describe how 5-flurouracil (5-FU) produces its chemotherapeutic effect
Inactive (parent drug)-> metabolized-> metabolites FdUMP block TS=interfere with DNA/RNA/protein formation
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thief
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25
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shark
Other team loses 20 points!
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rocket
Go to first place!
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thief
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10
×
Differentiate the causes and inheritance patterns of the major types of vWD (Type 1, 2, 3)
Type 1: partial deficiency-quantity, autosomal dominant; Type 2: qualitative variant, AD/some AR; Type 3-severe quantitative-missing vWF, Autosomal Recessive
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10
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what are the classic signs and symptoms someone with vWF will present with?
Nosebleeds (epistaxis); Bleeding from mucosal surfaces; Easy bruising; heavy menstural bleeding; longer bleeding after dental work/surgery/injury
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seesaw
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seesaw
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gift
Win 10 points!
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baam
Lose 5 points!
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10
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How does p53 signaling and senescence interact with aging and progeria?
DNA damage->lamina disrupted->chromatin conformation distress->increase p53 signaling->increase cell/tissue senescence= accelerated aging
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banana
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star
Double points!
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shark
Other team loses 10 points!
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baam
Lose 20 points!
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10
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What are 3 prominent features preseent on the peripheral blood smear of a patient with Sickle Cell disease?
Howell-Jolly Bodies (hyposplenia), Sickled red cells, polychromasia (reticulocytotic)
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10
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Identify 3 specific gene mutations which can lead to the development of breast cancer
BRCA2: tumor suppressor, chromosome stability; BRCA1: tumor suppressor,DNA damage response/repair; HER2: proto-oncogene, nonregulated tissue growth
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10
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Discuss the role of specific mutations in cell signaling genes in the development of cutaneous melanoma: BRAF, RAS, C-KIT
BRAF-V600E mutation=proliferation; RAS-cell cycle kinetics (proliferative/survival); C-KIT-tyrosine kinase receptor=growth factor bind site-turn on cascade
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10
×
Summarize the two main roles of vWF in the process of clot formation
1.primary hemostasis- PLT adhesion; 2.secondary hemostasis- vWF complexes VIII->prolong half-life VIII (prevent its degradation)->complex IX->activate X
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10
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Discuss the clinical significance of APC-resistance assay and ratio in screening for factor V gene mutation
degree of abnormality of APC-assay correlates to heterozygosity (higher APC ratio) or homozygosity (low APC ratio) factor V Leiden mutation
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heart
Other team wins 10 points!
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star
Double points!
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gift
Win 5 points!
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thief
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25
10
×
Outline the steps of a clinical breast exam
Inspection (skin, nipples, retraction views); palpation (vertical strip pattern, nipple, areola); Lymph nodes (supra/infra clavicular, axillary)
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