These are the characteristics and skills of the instructor that directly impact the learning environment and effectiveness.

These refer to the characteristics, needs, and preferences of the students taking the course. Understanding these factors is crucial for creating an inclusive and engaging learning experience

Rules regarding curriculum design, assessment standards, grading systems, attendance policies, and academic integrity.

Access to academic support (e.g., tutoring, library resources), counseling, disability services, career guidance, and technical support.

The way the course is organized, including the balance between theory and practical application, sequencing of content, and pacing.

Availability of technology (e.g., learning management systems, multimedia tools), physical spaces (e.g., classrooms, study areas), and digital tools.

How learning is measured,

The values, mission, and atmosphere within the institution that influences student engagement and well-being.

The teacher’s ability to explain content, facilitate discussions, use instructional technologies, and adapt teaching methods based on student needs.

The teacher’s ability to build rapport with students, manage classroom dynamics, and recognize and address students’ emotional and academic needs.

The level of expertise and prior learning students bring into the course. It influences how content is presented and the pace of learning.

The use of digital tools and platforms

Different students may learn better through visual, auditory, kinesthetic, or a combination of approaches.