When rocks melt because of extreme heat and then cool and become hard.
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15
Give 3 examples of sedimentary rocks.
Sandstone, Mudstone, Limestone, Shale, Coal...
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15
What are the layers of rocks called?
Strata
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15
What is the Fossil Record?
The story of life on Earth through stone.
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What are the 3 characteristics of index fossils?
Index Fossils must be widespread, abundant and short-lived.
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What does the law of superposition state?
Layers deposited first will be oldest and are found at the bottom of a rock, while layers deposited recently are the youngest and are found at the top.
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15
What is the process of preserving organisms in stone called?
Fossilization
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15
What is the difference between magma and lava?
Magma is molten rock found under ground, Lava is molten rock found above the Earth's surface.
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15
What are the 3 main types of rocks?
Sedimentary, Metamorphic and Igneous
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How are sedimentary rocks formed?
When tiny pieces of rocks & dirt get blown/washed away from mountains and sink to the bottom of lakes/oceans, creating layers that squeeze together overtime.
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What are fossils?
Remnants or imprints of organisms that are naturally preserved in stone.
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What are the 2 main types of fossils? Name and explain them.
Body Fossils- the preserved remains of plants and animals; Trace Fossils- records of an animal's behaviour eg. footprints
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15
Explain one way in which organisms can be mummified?
When organisms eg. insects, are trapped in amber. Tree sap covers the insect forming a protective seal. Overtime the sap hardens with the insect inside.
