A sequence of three consecutive nucleotides in a DNA or RNA molecule that codes for a specific amino acid
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boom
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10
What forms the โsteps of the ladderโ in a DNA molecule?
the rungs of the ladder are composed of pairs of nitrogenous bases (base pairs)
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25
Describe what happened in Frederick Griffithโs experiment with pneumonia and mice?
heat-killed bacteria converted live virus cells to non-virus cells, and he called the component of the dead S-type bacteria the โtransforming principle"
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10
What is an anticodon?
trinucleotide sequence located at one end of a transfer RNA (tRNA) molecule
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20
Name the three types of RNA and their jobs.
mRNA: helps with protein synthesis during translation. tRNA: adds amino acids & reads genetic code during translation. rRNA: catalyst and structure support
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15
Name the mRNA codon that is used to start the process of translation
AUG
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15
Where does transcription take place?
in the cytoplasm in prokaryotes and in nucleus in eukaryotes
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15
What are exons?
Exons are the parts of a gene that code for a protein
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15
What is the difference between chromatin and chromosomes?
Chromatin is the DNA and proteins that make up a chromosome. Chromosomes are the separate pieces of DNA in a cell.
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25
What are the building blocks of DNA?
adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T)
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10
What three roles must the DNA molecule carry out inside the cell?