What is the process of preserving organisms in stone called?
Fossilization
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15
What are the 3 characteristics of index fossils?
Index Fossils must be widespread, abundant and short-lived.
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Name and explain one of the most common methods of fossilization that causes the remains of organisms to be altered.
Perminerlization- when minerals from water or the ground enter the pores of dead plants or animals. These minerals harden the remains and turn into stone.
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15
How are metamorphic rocks formed?
When heat and pressure are applied to layers of rocks found deep underground.
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15
What are fossils?
Remnants or imprints of organisms that are naturally preserved in stone.
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What is stratigraphy?
The study of layers of rocks to determine geological timelines.
What are the 2 main types of fossils? Name and explain them.
Body Fossils- the preserved remains of plants and animals; Trace Fossils- records of an animal's behaviour eg. footprints
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15
Explain one way in which organisms can be mummified?
When organisms eg. insects, are trapped in amber. Tree sap covers the insect forming a protective seal. Overtime the sap hardens with the insect inside.
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15
What is the difference between magma and lava?
Magma is molten rock found under ground, Lava is molten rock found above the Earth's surface.
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15
Name 3 types of fossilization methods that allow organisms to remain unaltered.
Organisms that have been frozen, preserved in tar pits or mummified
