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Australia History Reading 1

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  • Why did the British encourage nonprisoner colonization?
    So the French would not get a foothold in Australia
  • Who did King George send to claim Australia for Great Britain?
    Capitan James Cook
  • What immediate impact did British settlers have on Aboriginal life?
    Europeans took over good sources of water, fish and productive land
  • Where did Aborigines settle?
    Where climate was most pleasant and water was available
  • How long have Aborigines occupied Australia for?
    At least 40,000 years
  • Where did the original inhabitants of Australia migrate from?
    Southeast Asia
  • In what year did the British begin to colonize Australia?
    1788
  • Define nomadic.
    moving from place to place in search of food
  • True or False: the population density of Aborigines was low when the British arrived?
    True
  • When did the British STOP transporting prisoners to Australia?
    1868
  • What required that settlers build fences, clear trees and raise crops?
    Introduction of cattle and sheep.
  • What gave the British colonist a major advantage in fights?
    Guns
  • Who are the native people of Australia?
    Aborigines
  • True or False: Australia's capital Canberra is not part of any state in Australia.
    True
  • What event had increased Britain's desire for new colonies?
    Loss of 13 American colonies
  • What was the name of the official penal colony?
    New South Wales
  • Why was Australia a "good choice" as a location for Great Britain's prisoners?
    No colonies from other European or Asian countries and few indigenous people
  • What was the most damaging thing the Europeans brought to Australia?
    Diseases
  • Who were about 20% of the first prisoners sent to Australia?
    Women
  • How many Aborigines were there before Europeans arrived in 1788?
    250,000-500,000
  • On January 1, 1901 what was established?
    Commonwealth of Australia
  • When did the first Europeans reach Australia?
    1606
  • What does the word aborigines mean?
    The people who were here from the beginning
  • Aborigines were __________ and ____________ who ate animals, wild nuts, fruits and berries.
    hunters and gatherers
  • What attracted more settlers in the 1850's?
    Gold rush