Name the ball-like mixture of food and saliva that forms in the mouth during the process of chewing.
Bolus
What are fats broken down into?
Fatty acids and glycerol.
Chewing is also known as?
Mastication
Describe the purpose of peristalsis.
Pushes the food through the alimentary canal.
Energy in food is measured in what unit?
Kilojoules (kJ).
What is the significance of the good blood flow of the villi in the small intestine?
The glucose and amino acids after absorbed will be carried away quickly so the concentration gradient is maintained and more substance.
What is the significance of the thin walls of the villi in the small intestine?
Diffusion is quicker, there is a lacteal in the villus that carries the broken down fats- now glycerol and fatty acids- towards the blood system later on.
Name 5 organs that make up the alimentary canal.
Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and anus.
Physical digestion is also called what?
Mechanical Digestion.
What is the most important function of physical digestion?
It enlarges the surface area of the food by enabling digestive juices to get into closer contact with the food for enzyme action.
What are proteins broken down into?
Amino acids
What is INGESTION?
Action whereby food is taken in to the alimentary canal.
What is glucose turned into/ stored as in the liver and muscle cells?
Glycogen
What does glucagon do to the blood sugar level?
Raises
What is DEFECATION?
Indigestible food residues removed from the body in the from of feces.
What is DIGESTION?
Action whereby large insoluble molecules of food are broken down to small molecules.
The following are all examples of what chemical?
Carbohydrase, Lipase, Lactase, Protease.
Enzyme
What is ASSIMILATION?
How the nutrient molecules are used to become part of your body.
Name the two most energy rich foods.
Alcohol and Fat
Name the two types of digestion.
Physical Digestion and Chemical Digestion
Name the creamy fluid that is formed in the stomach.