Describe the effect of an anterior pituitary adenoma on regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary (HP) axis (SIGS 7.1b).
producing tumors = effects of the overproduced hormone, smaller size (i.e. prolactinoma); non-producing tumors = mass effects, larger size
Describe the endocrine disorders seen in MEN-1, including clinical features and morphologic findings of affected organs (SIGS 7.1b).
3P's: Primary hyperparathyroidism (hypercalcemia, nephrolithiasis), Pituitary adenoma (varies), Pancreatic tumors (gastrinoma is most common; gastric ulcers)
Describe the actions of PTH in the regulation of calcium by the kidney. (SIGS 7.1a)
Low/intermittent levels: anabolic effects on osteoblasts and osteoclasts (indirect) to build bone; chronically high: catabolic effects;