A stenographer who transcribes every spoken word correctly but omits all punctuation has technically satisfied the Completeness pillar of the 4C Rule.
FALSE. Completeness means every word AND its meaning must reach the page intact. Punctuation is part of meaning — omitting it constitutes the 'sin of omission.
Under Admin Circular 24-90, the court may rely on a judge's personal hearing notes as a substitute for the TSN when the transcript contains a disputed ambiguity.
False-The TSN is the court's sole official memory. A judge's notes are personal and have no official standing.
The phrase 'I did not hit him because I was speeding' is a legally ambiguous statement that can be read as both a complete denial and a partial admission — without changing a single word.
True- 'I did NOT hit him' (pure denial). Reading B: 'I DID hit him — but not because of speed' (admission with alternative cause). Same words, two verdicts.
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