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Advanced Procedures II Spine (Sir Robert)
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PA scoliosis view can decrease breast dose by ?
90%
What CR angulation should be used for an AP Axial L5-S1 on a male patient?
30 degrees cephalic
There is an average of _______ segments that make up the adult coccyx?
4
Where is the CR for an AP L-spine with a 14x17 IR?
level of the crest
Why are patients hips and knees flexed for an AP L-spine?
Patient comfort and OID
The average degree of rotation is used to demonstrate L3-L4 zygopop joint?
45 degree
What vertebrae is at the level of the ASIS?
S1-S2
Which landmark corresponds to L4-L5 ?
crest
The zygopop joints of the upper lumbar vertebrae are _________ in relationship to the MSP?
50 degrees
Which best shows a compression fracture of the T-spine?
lateral
Which projection would project the Dens into the shadow of the foramen magnum?
Fuch's
Which enhances the visibility of the vertebral bodies of the T-spine?
breathing technique
What CR angle is recommended for an AP Axial c-spine projection ERECT ?
20 degrees cephalic
What projection best demonstrates C4-C5 zygopop joints of the c-spine?
lateral
A radiograph of the left SI joint demonstrates it open and clearly seen. Which position is the patient in?
RPO
What CR angle should be used for a lateral sacrum/coccyx?
0 degrees
What type of CR angle is required for AP projection of the coccyx?
caudal
Where is the CR centered for the AP Axial of the sacrum?
2 " above symphysis pubis
What type of CR angle is used for AP Axial of the c-spine?
15-20 degrees cephalic
Along with the upper incisors, what other bony landmark must be aligned for the AP Open Mouth?
Base of skull
Which c-spine projection demonstrates the zygopophyseal joints of C1-C2?
AP Open Mouth
Which clinical conditions would require a decrease in analog manual technique?
osteoporosis
The gonion corresponds to what vertebral level?
C 3
At what level is the T 2-T 3 intervertebral disc space found? (Hint* what landmark?)
jugular notch
The most prominent aspect of the thyroid cartilage lies at the vertebral level of?
C- 5
The zygopophyseal joints for a typical cervical vertebrae lie at an angle of?
90* to the MSP
What thoracic vertebrae possesses no facets or controtransverse joints?
T11- T12
Along with decreasing the source of SID what other factors can improve the spacial resolution of the c-spine?
small focal spot
Is there a vertebral body of C1 ? Y or N
NO
How is the cervical vertebrae unique compared to other types of vertebrae?
bifid spinous process, transverse foramen, overlapping vertebral bodies, presence of zygopophyseal joints
The joints between articular processes of vertebrae are termed what?
zygopophyseal
What is true about thoracic vertebrae?
all of the thoracic vertebrae have at least one facet for rib articulation
What is kyphosis?
an abnormal thoracic curvature with increased convexity
On average how many separate bones make up the adult vertebral column?
26
The apex of the sacrum is at the top of the sacrum? T or F ?
False
What term is used interchangeably with the term zygopophyseal joint?
facet
The lumbar vertebra are the strongest in the spine because they have to support most body weight. T or F
True
How many lumbar vertebra are there?
5
What landmark is at the level of T2-T3 ?
jugular notch
How much angle would be required on an oblique position of the thoracic spine to demonstrate the zygopophyseal joints.
70-75 degrees
Which vertebrae have controtransverse joints?
T1-T10
Which set of thoracic vertebrae are considered typical thoracic vertebrae?
T 5-T 6
How many thoracic vertebrae are there?
12
What is C 2 known as?
axis
What is C 1 known as?
atlas
What part of the vertebrae extends posteriorly at the midline junction of the two lamina?
spinous process
What is the exaggerated lateral curvature of the spine called?
scoliosis
How many sections is the spine divided into?
5
Where is the CR directed in an SI joint posterior oblique?
1 " medial to the upside ASIS
What degree of body rotation is for the posterior obliques of the SI joints?
25-30 Degrees
What side are you looking at in a posterior oblique of the SI joint?
upside joint
What is the KV range for the posterior obliques of the SI joints?
85-95 kV
The PA axial SI joint projection would be centered where?
level of L4 or slightly above the iliac crest
The axial SI joint can be done PA with what angle?
30-35 degree caudal
Where is the CR directed for the AP axial SI joint?
2 " below the level of the ASIS
What is the CR angle for the AP axial SI joint projection?
30-35 degrees, 30 for males and 35 for females
What is the KV range for an AP axial SI joint projection?
85 +/- 5
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