If the true value of an object’s length is 10 cm and the measured value is 9.8 cm, what is the absolute error?
Absolute Error = |10 - 9.8| = 0.2 cm
What is the difference between speed and velocity?
Speed is a scalar quantity that refers to how fast an object moves, while velocity is a vector quantity that includes both speed and direction.
What is kinematics in physics?
Kinematics is the branch of physics that deals with the motion of objects without considering the forces causing the motion.
What is the difference between displacement and distance?
Displacement is the straight-line distance from the initial to the final position, including direction, while distance is the total distance travelled.
What is the difference between average acceleration and instantaneous acceleration?
Average acceleration is the change in velocity over a time interval, while instantaneous acceleration is the rate of change of velocity at a specific time.
How does the vertical velocity of a projectile change as it moves upward and downward?
The vertical velocity decreases as the projectile moves upward, becomes zero at the peak, and then increases (in the opposite direction) as it falls downward.
Define acceleration in kinematics.
Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity over time, expressed as a=Δv/Δt.
What is the sexagesimal system?
The sexagesimal system is a numbering system based on the number 60, historically used by the Sumerians and Babylonians.
Where is the sexagesimal system used today?
It is used to measure time (hours, minutes, seconds), angles (degrees, minutes, seconds), and geographical coordinates.
What is the International System of Units?
It is a standardised system of measurement used globally in science and industry.
What are the seven base units of the SI?
Meter (m), Kilogram (kg), Second (s), Kelvin (K), Ampere (A), Mole (mol), Candela (cd).
What is the SI unit of length?
Metre(m).
How does the concept of the “conventional value” of physical constants, such as the speed of light, play a role in the SI system?
The speed of light in a vacuum is fixed at 299,792,458 m/s\ in the SI system. This value is used in definitions of other units, such as the meter.
Why is the International System important in science?
It provides a universal standard for measurements, ensuring consistency and accuracy in scientific research and industry.
What is the difference between fundamental and derived quantities?
Fundamental quantities are independent (e.g., length, mass, time), while derived quantities are based on them (e.g., speed, force).
