A monopoly firm can take advantage of economies of scale reducing average costs of production, the removal of monopoly power may increase prices for consumers.

yes, to reduce borrowing if people and firms are building up unsustainable debt. No, it may reduce the economic growth rate as it may discourage investment.

small firms have limited start-up capital, small firms have the largest risk of business failure

Some firms may be making a loss/be in financial difficulties they may hope to continue to produce until demand increases in the future and so revenue rises

It may enable households to borrow more, increasing their spending, to increase their living standards, be able to buy housing or other basic necessities.

A function of money that enables people to borrow, pay back at a later date and to lend.

Reallocating resources will involve a movement along the PPC, this will involve an opportunity cost.

Workers may stay in the job if working conditions are good, there are long holidays, good promotion chances, good pensions and good fringe benefits.

medium of exchange, measure of value (unit of account) and standard of deferred payments.

sole trader, partnership,private limited company, public limited company.

There is over-consumption/over-production of oil because the external costs are ignored by the market mechanism such as pollution / global warming

Few legal formalities exist, know their customers on a more personal level, Smaller firms are easier to manage and control.

May have different goals, private sector banks may aim for profit maximisation while public sector banks may seek to provide a service/keep employment high.