A structural member, also called a jack stud, that is not full length due to a wall opening.

A structural member positioned inside a wall opening to help support the header over the opening.

The second stucco layer in the three-coat process; covers any lath not covered by the scratch coat, adds strength to the shell, trues up the surface, and provides an appropriate surface for the final coat.

A coating applied to the outside of a structure that forms a protective, low-maintenance, yet decorative shell around the structure; consists of Portland cement, lime, sand, and water.

Concrete wall forms made of foam insulation that are filled with concrete and remain in place to become part of the exterior wall structure.

The third stucco layer in the three-coat process; a thin layer in which texture or design patterns are applied.

An angled cut on a joist end in solid brick and stone walls to prevent toppling the wall if the house should catch fire.

A wall constructed of concrete blocks; units are arranged to provide a continuous air space 2" to 3" thick.

A full-height structural member at the sides of a wall opening to which trimmers (also called jack studs) are nailed to provide additional support.

Rubble stonework in which the stones are dressed with relatively straight edges to fit a particular place in the pattern, but still give a rubble, not ashlar, appearance.

Stonework that uses dressed, cut, or squared stones to provide a regular pattern or finished appearance.

A structural member positioned inside a wall opening to help support the header over the opening.

A method of constructing headers for window and door openings in which the header size is increased to completely fill the space from the top of the rough opening to the top plate.