Describe the role of the hypothalamus in osmoregulation
detects changes in water potential of blood
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20
What actions lower blood glucose concentration?
increased cellular respiration rate, glycogenesis in liver and muscle cells, conversation of glucose to fat in adipose tissue,
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15
what is a hormone?
a chemical produced and secreted by an endocrine gland and carried in the blood to target cell (tissue or organ)
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20
describe the role of the posterior pituitary in osmoregulation
Secretes ADH into the capillaries, ADH passes to kidney increases permeability of DCT and CD
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20
describe the role of abscisic acid in the closure of a stoma
ABA bins to receptors on membrane of guard cells, cause release of Ca2+ which stimulate K+ to leave guard cells, lower WP means water leaves by osmosis
describe the possible mode of action of osmoreceptors to changes in water potential
shrink when water potential is low and stimulate secretion of ADA from the hypothalamus
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15
Which organisms use nitric acid as their N waste product and why?
birds/reptiles, light weight but energy intensive (7 ATP to product) not toxic in eggs
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What enzyme is needed to catalyze the conversion of glycogen to glucose?
phosphorylase
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Describe the Urea cycle
1. Deamination (amine removed from aa--> ammonia) 2. respiration of the rest of aa 3. ammonia + CO2 --> urea (via orintine cycle)
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15
Which cells have receptors for insulin?
Almost all cells (except RBCs)
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what are podocytes?
highly specialised celles of the renal capsule lifted off the cell surface membrane by little 'feet' that allow filtrate to pass beneath them through gapos in t
