anxiety fear PE; hyperventilation Numb and tingly, lethargy. pH high and pCO2 low

hypoventilation (drug overdose, pulmonary edema, trauma, COPD) or DKA, renal failure, diarrhea shock

PH= 7.35-7.45; PACO2= 35-45; HCO3 = 22-26; PAO2

1.003-1.030 (high urine output: low specific gravity, Low urine output= high specific gravity

IV fluids Normal saline and REGULAR insulin

Type 2 diabetics. glucose levels high > 600. Hot-flushed dry skin- dehydration. Drink fluids. IV fluids with regular insulin

Hyperventilation (hypoxia, fever, anxiety, high elevation) or loss of GI juices- suctioning, overuse of antacids , diuretics

UP- good leg first; Down- bad leg first

less then 70. too much exercise, or insulin. slurred speech, cold, hypotensive. Rapid carbs- juice/ crackers. May need glucagon injection if not swollowing

4-11

Anesthesia overdose COPD. hypoventilation shallow breathing SOB drowsy. low pH and High pCO2

DKA, DIARRHEA... change in LOC, headaches twitching N/V/D. pH low and HCO3 low

10-20