Unit 7 SIGs Cases 1-6 | Baamboozle - Baamboozle | The Most Fun Classroom Games!

Explain how the hormonal contraceptive progestin, alone and in combination with estrogen, prevents conception. (SIGS 7.3a)

Combo: Estrogen: inhibits FSH release ant. pit.; progestin: thickens cervical mucus-> decr. sperm penetration; progestin only: suppress GnRH, LH & FSH

Oops!

Check

Okay!

Check

Rationalize the use of 24-hour urine free cortisol (UFC), late-night salivary cortisol and the low-dose overnight dexamethasone suppression test (DST) in the screening for Cushing syndrome. (SIGs 7.2b)

24 hour: cortisol over time (most accurate); late-night: cortisol usually lowest then; Low dose dexameth.: should suppress cortisol (high= cushing)

Oops!

Check

Okay!

Check

Describe the actions of PTH in the regulation of calcium by the kidney. (SIGS 7.1a)

Low/intermittent levels: anabolic effects on osteoblasts and osteoclasts (indirect) to build bone; chronically high: catabolic effects;

Oops!

Check

Okay!

Check

Describe the effect of an anterior pituitary adenoma on regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary (HP) axis (SIGS 7.1b).

producing tumors = effects of the overproduced hormone, smaller size (i.e. prolactinoma); non-producing tumors = mass effects, larger size

Oops!

Check

Okay!

Check

baam

Lose 5 points!

Oops!

shark

Other team loses 5 points!

Okay!

shark

Other team loses 15 points!

Okay!

baam

Lose 5 points!

Oops!

Contrast primary and secondary hypogonadism and correlate them to low testosterone. (SIGS 7.3b)

Primary: issue w/ gonads-> decr. testosterone production; Secondary: issue w/ ant. pituitary-> decr. LH & FSH production

Oops!

Check

Okay!

Check

Describe the physiology of achieving and maintaining erection (U7W3 SIGS 7.3b).

parasympathetic-> release acetylcholine-> incr endothelial nitric oxide-> activates guanylate cyclase-> incr cGMP-> decr intracell. free Ca2+-> sm. muscle relax

Oops!

Check

Okay!

Check

Describe the pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). (SIGS 7.2a)

antibodies to beta-islet cells-> decr. insulin production-> low glucose in cells-> use of glycogen/FA-> ketone bodies->buildup-> acidic->DKA

Oops!

Check

Okay!

Check

seesaw

Swap points!

Oops!

magnet

Take 20 points!

Okay!

gift

Win 25 points!

Okay!

lifesaver

Give 15 points!

Oops!

Explain the pathogenesis of T1DM with emphasis on the genetic and environmental causes. (SIGS 7.2a)

See image: HLA or insulin gene mutations; Environmental triggers: diet, viruses, drugs/toxins, stresses

Oops!

Check

Okay!

Check

seesaw

Swap points!

Oops!

star

Double points!

Okay!

rocket

Go to first place!

Okay!

lifesaver

Give 25 points!

Oops!

Review pharmacological agents to manage osteoporosis in patients with hyperparathyroidism and hypoparathyroidism. (SIGS 7.1a)

hyper: bisphosphonate (pyrophosphate analogs that bind to hydroxyapatite binding sites to reduce bone resorption); Hypo: teriparatide- promotes bone growth; PTH

Oops!

Check

Okay!

Check

lifesaver

Give 5 points!

Oops!

magnet

Take 25 points!

Okay!

shark

Other team loses 25 points!

Okay!

banana

Go to last place!

Oops!

Rationalize serologic and genetic testing done at the time of new-onset T1DM. (SIGS 7.2a)

Screen for HLA subtypes; Serologic testing for presence of auto-antibody types

Oops!

Check

Okay!

Check

Identify the associated clinical features in patients with T1DM and DKA. (SIGS 7.2a)

polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, weight loss, DKA (delirium, Kussmaul respirations, abdominal pain/nausea/vomiting, dehydration, fruity breath)

Oops!

Check

Okay!

Check

Contrast alterations in blood and urine levels of calcium, phosphate, vitamin D, and alkaline phosphatase in hyper- and hypoparathyroidism. (SIGS 7.1a)

Hypo: Ca+ low, Vit. D. low, alk phos low, phosphate high, PTH low ;hyper: Ca+ high, Vit D high, alk phos high, phosphate low, PTH high

Oops!

Check

Okay!

Check