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15
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What is the main function of LV with Chronic Ai for compensation? (Chronic)
Hypertrophy (adapt and remodel), Volume and Pressure overload, systolic Htn. (LAE is also possible but it didn’t say in the PowerPoint)
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15
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What factors may result with Ai? Name atleast two.
Aortic Root Dilitation. Chronic Htn. Marfan Syndrome, Aortic Dissection (acute)
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15
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Which valve abnormalities may result with Ai? Name atleast two.
BAV (Congenital), Endocarditis, Rheumatic, Degenerative (acute) , Traumatic (Acute)
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15
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If there is flow reversal in Descending Ao = _______ Ai.
Severe Ai
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15
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True/False: Aortic Insufficiency is common.
False: Ai is rare,1% of the population has it and is more common in males under 40yrs.
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15
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What 2 factors can under or overestimate the regurgitant jet with tachy patients.
Blood Pressure and Heart rate.
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15
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Define vena contracta and flow convergence.
Vena Contracta is the narrowest part of regurgitation jet behind the valve (>0.6 severe Ai). Flow Convergence is the back flow behind VC.
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15
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What is considered as a normal variant seen in advanced age?
Lambl's Excrescences
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During a 2D echo, what should be our focus to evaluate for Ai? (What are we eye balling for mainly?)
Aortic Valve, Aortic Root and LV size and function. (Regurgitant jet is also one of them but it wasn’t in the PowerPoint)
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seesaw
Swap points!
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seesaw
Swap points!
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fairy
Take points!
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25
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thief
Give points!
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thief
Give points!
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gold
Win 50 points!
Okay!
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shark
Other team loses 25 points!
Okay!
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baam
Lose 20 points!
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trap
No points!
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fairy
Take points!
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25
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fairy
Take points!
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lifesaver
Give 20 points!
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15
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Regurgitant Fraction Equation
(AoV - MV)/ AoV
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15
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What can be deduced from the image shown, that the Aortic Insufficiency is (a) Mild (b) Moderate (c) Severe
c) Severe (Flow reversal is holodiastolic and rapid decel with steep slope)
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15
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Values for Severe Ai are; atleast 2 values LVOT/ Jet area? ROA? PHT? Slope? Regurge Vol? Vena Contracta? Flow reversal?
>60%, >0.3cm2, <200ms (250 in some places), >400cm/s2, >60mL, >0.6cm, Holodiastolic flow. (pg#278)
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15
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True/ False: Ai = Increased SV
True
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