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15
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What are the most common approaches for visualizing and assessing the jet? (1 for visual and 1 for assessment)
Color Flow and Regurgitant Volume.
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15
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True/ False: Ai = Increased SV
True
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15
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What factors may result with Ai? Name atleast two.
Aortic Root Dilitation. Chronic Htn. Marfan Syndrome, Aortic Dissection (acute)
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15
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What is considered as a normal variant seen in advanced age?
Lambl's Excrescences
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15
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Which valve abnormalities may result with Ai? Name atleast two.
BAV (Congenital), Endocarditis, Rheumatic, Degenerative (acute) , Traumatic (Acute)
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15
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What are the equations for Regurgitant Volume and Regurgitant Fraction?
RV= SV (av) - SV (mv) RF= RV/SV(av) x 100%
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15
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Values for Severe Ai are; atleast 2 values LVOT/ Jet area? ROA? PHT? Slope? Regurge Vol? Vena Contracta? Flow reversal?
>60%, >0.3cm2, <200ms (250 in some places), >400cm/s2, >60mL, >0.6cm, Holodiastolic flow. (pg#278)
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baam
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15
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What 2 factors can under or overestimate the regurgitant jet with tachy patients.
Blood Pressure and Heart rate.
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15
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Severe Ai is _____ms.
200/250ms
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15
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During a 2D echo, what should be our focus to evaluate for Ai? (What are we eye balling for mainly?)
Aortic Valve, Aortic Root and LV size and function. (Regurgitant jet is also one of them but it wasnât in the PowerPoint)
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15
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If there is flow reversal in Descending Ao = _______ Ai.
Severe Ai
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15
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Regurgitant Fraction Equation
(AoV - MV)/ AoV
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baam
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15
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1.________ wave will show aliasing due to high velocity. 2.________ wave is needed to obtain full envelope for assessment.
1. Pulse wave 2. Continuous wave
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