Give two examples of how the branches of the Roman government kept each other checked and well balanced.
Judges could help to run the government and the could also lead armies. Some government leaders could also help to make laws.
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15
Who were praetors?
Major government officials that interpreted the law and served as judges in court, they could also lead armies.
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What happened to Rome after Marius and Sulla's changes?
Rome learned how powerful someone with an army could become to achieve its goals, however Rome sunk in conflict for 50 years.
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What roles did consuls perform and what was the veto?
Consuls were administrators and army leaders, the veto was the power each consul had to reject other's decision.
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25
Explain who were Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus and what they tried to achieve.
Two brothers who were government officials. They wanted to stop the wealthy from taking over small farms to create their latifundia. Both were murdered.
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Name 3 conditions that were leading to poverty among plebeians and farmers?
Many farmers lost their fields fighting in Roman wars, small farmers could not compete with latifundia, landowners had slaves working for free.
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Why were Roman senators concerned about Julius Caesar?
Because he had the support and admiration of the poorer classes and they feared he would search for power as Sulla did.
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How did Rome make their soldiers loyal?
With training and a death punishment for deserters.
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What' the meaning of the policy of "bread and circuses" ?
That while poor people were offered cheap food and free entertainment they would not complain.
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What's the difference between patricians and plebeians?
Patricians were the ruling class made by Rome's oldest and most prominent families. Plebeians were artisans, shopkeepers, and owners of small farms.
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What was the purpose of legion's standard?
To show soldiers where they were supposed to be in the battlefield.
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What were a gladius and a pilum?
A gladius was short double-edged iron sword and a pilum was an iron spear designed to bend after it was thrown so others couldn't use it.
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How did the Romans battle the Carthaginian navy?
They built a fleet with a small moveable bridge that allow them to board Carthaginian ships turning the conflict on a hand.to-hand fight.